HOW TO CHANGE DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH Is Essential For Your Success. Read This To Find Out Why

HOW TO CHANGE DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

                 ASSEETIVE SENTENSE

when we say sonething to anyone,its called direct speech and when we reported the direct speech to other man indirectly its called indirect speech.

           Direct Speech

Ram said to me,"i will be late."

This above speech called direct speech.here 'said to' is a reporting verb and 'i will be late' is called reported speech.

        Indirect Speech

Ram told me that he would be late.

In the above example, its called indirect speech. here 'told' is a reporting changing verb of 'said to' and 'that' is used for removing the commas (,) and inverted commas ("..").

When in The Tense of a  Direct Speech of a speech Change into others tense in Indirect Speech?

(1) If the reporting verb is in Present tense then the reported speech is not change into another tense.

Reporting Speech examples- say, says,tell,tells.

(2) If the reporting verb is in future tense then the reporting speech is not change into another tense

Reporting Speech example-will say, shall say

(3) If the reporting verb is in Past tense then the reporting speech tense change into another tense just like the formula

examples- [said to-told]

                     [said to-asked]

we have to know the all basic and important rules for narration.how to change direct speech to indirect speech.when and how it will be change from direct speech to indirect speech.If the reporting verb is in present or future form then the reported speech tense will not be changed.If the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into another tense.

There are many steps to know about changing from direct speech to indirect speech.

                                     

Narration Change is totally depend on tense and sentence.There are mainly five kind of sentences such as, assertive,interogative,imperative,optative and exclamatory .

How to change Direct Speech to Indirect Speech For Assertive Sentence

If the reporting verb is in present or future form then the reported speech tense will not be changed.If the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into another tense.

Here in Assertive Sentence the reporting verb is changed into this below way-

said to-Told

Say-Tell

Says-Tells

                                    

                                       

                      Assertive Sentence

                             Linker-That

when we remove comma and inverted comma, we have touse 'that' as a linker and the reported speech change in this way.If the reporting verb is in present or future form then the reported speech tense will not be changed.If the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into another tense.

How to change direct speech to indirect speech

Simple Present-Simple past

Present continuous-past continuous

present perfect-past perfect

simple past-past perfect

past continuous-past perfect continuous

past perfect-past perfect

simple future-would

future continuous-would be

future perfect-would have

future perfect continuous-(×)

                                     

                                          

      

watch this , there is an example of changing direct speech to indirect speech.If the reporting verb is in present or future form then the reported speech tense will not be changed.If the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into another tense.In this way we can change narration.the reported speech change into simple past from simple present.

To remove the incating comma(,) and inverted comma ("..") here is used ' that' is as a linker. and the reporting verb 'said to' change into 'told' and also the person 'I' changed into 'he'.

Sentence formation cahnged from Simple present -simple past

                                            

                                        

Assertive sentence simple present change into simple past

direct speech to indirect speech changing examples

1. sita says, "I play ludu". (direct speech)

Ans. Sita says that she plays ludu.(indirect speech)

2.ram said to me,"I sing a song".(direct speech)

Ans. Ram told me that he sang a song.(indirect speech)

3.I say to him, "Ram plays cricket".(direct speech)

Ans.I say to him that ram plays cricket.(indirect speech)

                                        

 

Assertive Sentence direct to indirect for present continuous in assertive sentence

present continuous-past continuous

                                     

 

watch this , there is an example of changing direct speech to indirect speech.in this way we can change narration.If the reporting verb is in present or future form then the reported speech tense will not be changed.If the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into another tense.the reported speech change into  past continuous from  present continuous

To remove the incating comma(,) and inverted comma ("..") here is useing ' that' os as a linker.and the  reporting verb 'said to' change into 'told' and also the person 'I' changed into 'he'.

                                        

exaples for present continuous to past continuous

Present Continuous

1.Ram said to sita,"I am eating a banana".(direct speech)

Ans.Ram told sita that he was eating a banana.(indirect speech)

2.Gita says to mita,"we are playing cricket".(direct speech)

Ans.Gita says to mita that they are playing cricket.(indirect speech)

 Rules for changing the helping verbs from direct speech to indirect speech  

                   

Present Perfect tense change into past perfect

If the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech changed into past perfect from present perfect

Present Perfect-Past Perfect direct speech to indirect speech in assertive sentnce

Linker-That

Follow how to change direct speech to indirect speech for present perfect tense

If the reporting verb is in present or future tense the reporting speech will not be changed into another tense .here in this sentence reporting verb is 'says to' it is in present form so the reported speech will not be change into past perfect from present perfect.if the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into past perfect from present perfect.

Some examples for changing direct speech to indirect speech

(1) Tarun said to me,"I have done my sum".(direct speech)

Ans. Tarun told me that he had done his sum.(indirect speech)

(2) Bittu says,"I have killed the snake".(direct speech)

Ans. bittu says that he has killed the snake.(indirect speech)

Simple Past/ Past Indefinite direct speech to indirect speech in assertive sentence

Simple Past

Linker- That

If the reporting verb is in present or future form then the reported speech tense will not be changed.If the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into another tense. how to change direct to indirect speech in past indefinite follow below;

what is the indirect speech of this direct speech.Follow below to watch the examples

                                      

                                         

Here Rupa is used as a male version not female. so 'I' cange into 'He' not she.

Here watch this example , there the reporting verb was in past tense so the reported speech change from simple past to past perfect.

Some examples for changing direct speech to indirect speech in past indefinite

(1) Samir said to manoj,"I Played badminton".(direct speech)

Ans. Samir told manoj that he had played batminton.(indirect speech)

(2) Mithun said to me,"amir killed a dog today".(direct speech)

Ans. Mithun told me that amir had killed a dog that day.(indirect speech)

Past Continuous

In past continuous tense the reported verb will be changed from past continuous to past perfect continuous.

Linker-That

If the reporting verb is in present or future form then the reported speech tense will not be changed.If the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into another tense. how to change direct to indirect speech in past continuous follow below;

Here in this above direct speech example there the reporting verb is in past form so the reported speech change into past perfect continuous.the reporting verb "said to" change into "told" and the reported speech change into another tense just like the formula chart.

watch in this picture there is an example of direct speech to indirect speech in past continuous tense, means when the direct speech of past continuous tense change into past perfect continuous tense.the reporting verb "said to" change  into "told" and the reported speech change accordingly the formula chart.

Some example from past continuous to past perfect continuous tense direct speech to indirect speech

(1) Sourav said to uthpal,"we were enjoying the annapurna puja".(direct speech)

Ans. Sourav told uthpal that they had been enjoying the annapurna puja.(indirect speech)

(2) Sandip says to suman,"I was paying the monthly"(direct speech)

Ans. Sandip says to suman that he was paying the monthly.(indirect speech)

Past Perfect Tense

Linker- That

when the repoting verb is in past form then the reported speech change into one tense to another tense just like the formula picture.Reported speech change from past perfect to past perfect, means the reported speech belongs in same tense, not change into another tense.

Here is an example of past perfect tense below

 

watch in this example how to change direct speech into indirect speech from past perfect to past perfect

Here the reported speech tense not changed .the reported speech is in past perfect to past perfect not cahnged  because in past perfect tense ,tense will not be changed for past perfect.reporting verb "said to" change into 'told' and the reported speech is in same tense not changed.

Some examples for past perfect tense in assertive sentence.

(1) sambhu said to me,"I had played a game".(direct speech)

Ans. Sambhu told me that he had played a game.(indirect speech)

(2) Moti says to amir,"Tapan had Written a letter".(direct speech)

Ans. Moti says to that tapan had written a letter.(indirect speech)

(3) They said to me,"we had a plan about it".(direct speech)

Ans. They told me that they had a plan about that.(indirect speech)

Simple Future / Future Indefinite

Linker-That

When In simple future there is a past form reporting verb in direct speech then the reported speech change into another tense but if the reporting verb is in present or future tense then the reported speech will not be changed into another tense.

Here in this sentence 'said to' is reporting verb and it is changed  into 'told' and the reported speech will be change into another tense accordingly

Some example of future indefinite tenses direct and indirect speech in Assertive Sentence

(1) Rahim said to minu,"I will buy a camera"(direct speech)

Ans. Rahim told minu that he would buy a camera.(indirect speech)

(2) Madhu says to dipu,"we shall do our duty".(direct speech)

Ans. Madhu says to dipu that they would do their duty.(indirect speech)

(3) Sumita said to me,"I will do it".(direct speech)

Ans. Sumita told me that she would do that.(indirect speech)

Future Continuous

To change direct speech to indirect speech in future continuous tense in assertive sentence. 

Linker-That

If the reporting verb is in present or future tense then the reported speech is not changed into another tense but when the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech changed into another tenses, just like the formula accordingly.

Here is an example below

Reporting speech 'Said to' change into 'Told' and the reported speech become 'would have' from 'will have' 

Future Perfect

If the reporting verb is in present or future tense then the reported speech is not changed into another tense but when the reporting verb is in past form then the reported speech changed into another tenses.

In assertive sentences  a future perfect tenses linker is 'that' when the direct speech change into indirect speech.

Linker -That

Here is an example of future perfect tenses direct speech to indirect speech.Follow the example to know the details..

Here the reporting verb 'said' is not changed into another form and the reported speech verb will have change into Would have.